Environmental Physiology of Plants, Third Edition
Language: English
Pages: 367
ISBN: 0122577663
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
This is the third edition of an established and successful university textbook. The original structure and philosophy of the book continue in this new edition, providing a genuine synthesis of modern ecological and physiological thinking, while entirely updating the detailed content. New features include a fresh, unified treatment of toxicity, emphasizing common features of plant response to ionic, gaseous, and other toxins, explicit treatment of issues relating to global change, and a section on the role of fire in plant physiology and communities. The illustrations in the text are improved over previous editions, including color plates for the first time, and the authors' continuing commitment to providing wide citation of the relevant literature has further improved the reference list. This revision of Environmental Physiology of Plants will ensure the reputation of this title as a useful and relevant text well into the 21st century.
Key Features
* Includes enhanced illustrations, now with color plates
* Examines new molecular approaches which can be harnessed to solve problems in physiology
* Features new topics such as the unified treatment of toxicity, an explicit treatment of the issues relating to global change, and a section on the role of fire
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Distinct types (labile molecules found in etiolated tissues and stable molecules in green tissues), encoded, at least in Arabidopsis, by five genes (Clack et al., 1994); (iii) The recently characterized cryptochromes (Lin et al., 1998) are blue light receptors absorbing at around 450 nm, responsible for high-energy photomorphogenesis and for entraining circadian clock phenomena (Somers et al., 1998); (iv) Tropic responses are controlled by a different blue light receptor, which appears to be a.
Direction. This may happen for calcium in calcareous soils (Barber, 1974). The full equation for the flow of nutrient ions through soil to a plant root must therefore include both mass flow and diffusive components: F VC l (ÀD dC=dx) where D is the diffusion coefficient in soil (m2 sÀ1) and dC=dx the concentration gradient; the negative sign allows for the fact that diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient. Several predictive models have been constructed to examine the effects of mass.
Nitrate and nitrite reductase: nitrate reductase nitrite reductase NAD(P)H 2 NAD(P) red: ferredoxin (in leaves) NO3À 1111112 NO2À 11111112 NH3 This reduction can take place in either roots or leaves, depending on plant species, age and nitrate supply rate. The concentration of both enzymes and therefore the capacity for reducing nitrate is determined by the rate of NO3À supply. When plants are deprived of nitrate, the nitrate reductase (NR) activity falls rapidly, in less than 24 h (Long and.
Bacteria (nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium) and pathogenic fungi (such as Fusarium), may show increased populations. In addition, the rhizosphere is both physically and chemically distinct from the bulk soil, thanks to the direct activities of roots. Counter-ion movements of protons into the rhizosphere during cation (especially NH4) uptake can reduce rhizosphere pH by up to 2 units (Marschner and R×omheld, 1983), and conversely, where NO3À is the main source of N, rhizosphere pH can be increased by a.
Probably about two-thirds of all plant species normally form the symbiosis. This ubiquity suggests an ancient origin. Fossil evidence shows that Glomalean spores were present in the Ordovician (460 million years ago: Redecker et al., 2000) and that Devonian plants ($400 million years old) contained fungi forming arbuscules and vesicles in their underground stems or rhizomes (Remy et al., 1994). In addition, molecular evidence indicates that the Glomales as a group diverged from other fungi at.